Diagonal Lines

Diagonal lines suggest a feeling of movement or direction. Objects presented in a diagonal line suggest an instability to gravity. Since they are neither vertical or horizontal, the visual power creates tension and drama.

Pattern (shadows)
There is confusion regarding the difference between pattern and repetition.
Pattern is a combination of similar shapes or objects repeated in a regular arrangement within a composition.
Pattern is important because it can create rhythm, and an irregular pattern can create an irregular rhythm.
A regular pattern that is interrupted somehow attracts immediate attention.

Repetition (windows)
Repetion refers to similar shapes or objects that appear repeatedly in a composition.

Off-Center Subject (figure)
Placing a subject close to the frame creates a dramatic tension that would be missing if it were more centered. It can also provide a better sense of distance and perspective.

Juxtaposition
Juxtaposition means two things side-by-side.
It is accomplished when two elements are contrasting or opposing in nature.
Big and Small
Old and New
etc.